For some reason the traffic started to fail in loopback, aka lo interface so IPv4 127.0.0.1 and IPv6 ::1 addresses.
root@box:~# nslookup localhost localhost
;; communications error to ::1#53: connection refused
;; communications error to ::1#53: connection refused
;; communications error to ::1#53: connection refused
Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Name: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
;; communications error to ::1#53: connection refused
;; communications error to ::1#53: connection refused
;; communications error to ::1#53: connection refused
Name: localhost
Address: ::1
root@box:~# netstat -tulpn|fgrep ':53 '
tcp 0 0 ip4.address:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 654/nsd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 717/named
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 717/named
tcp6 0 0 IPv6:add:ress::::::::53 :::* LISTEN 654/nsd
udp 0 0 37.27.16.30:53 0.0.0.0:* 654/nsd
udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* 717/named
udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* 717/named
udp6 0 0 IPv6:add:ress::::::::53 :::* 654/nsd
root@box:~#
Because name lookups fail, mail is rejected.